Lathe



(No Model.) 7 Sheets-Sheet 1.

C. G. RICHARDSON.

LATHE.

No. 481,717. Patehted Aug. 30, 1 92.

Fig.1,

Inventor: Charles GJZ/ichurdson,

Witnesses:

rauay 7 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

0. G. RICHARDSON.

LATHE.

Patented Aug. 30, 1892 Clmrles G.Ric1wrds on,

by I (m Q/ HZWIw y.

s Q :4 J1 H I Ma H I L N \\N\\ V m H W W H M II}! A F a Witnesses: waim.13mm 7 Sheets-Sheet 3,

(No Model.) I

, G. G. RICHARDSON.

LATHE.

Patented Aug.. 30, 1892.

I V I Inventor:

Wihwsses:

harles\G.B/i1:dson,

0 3mm. Q'WM/ CM (No Model.) 7 Sheets-Sheet 4.

G. G. RICHARDSON. LATHE.

No. 481,717. Patented Aug. 30, 1892.

Witnesses: Iwpenlnr: z/Uaifim Charles? harflson, 9

Atkorweyms Mama ravens cu, FHOTO-LITNO. WASNINGTBN, n. c.

(No Model.) 7 SheetsSheet 5 G. G. RICHARDSON. LATHE.

No. 481,717. Patented Aug. 30, 1892.

I wiwum p wwitngsses Invnior:

gum Gmardson,

(No Model.)

Witnesses.-

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V 7 Sheets-Sheet 6.

G. G'. RICHARDSON. LATHE.

P nted Aug. 30, 1892.

H l lwenlor:

Charles GB/idwrdson,

lay

JiHmrney NITED STATES PATENT FFICE.

CHARLES G. RICHARDSON, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

LATHE.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 481,717, dated August30, 1892.

Application filed January 25, 1892- Serial No. 41911 6 (N 111061619 Toall whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, CHARLES G. RICHARD- SON, of Boston, in the county ofSuffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new andusefullmprovements in Lathes, of which the following, taken inconnection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification.

My invention relates to that class of lathes which are provided with aseries of cutting tools supported and carried by anintermittently-revoluble carrier, and which are usually termedturret-lathes; and it consists in certain novel features ofconstruction, arrangement, and combination of parts, which will bereadily understood by reference to the description of the drawings andto the claims hereinafter given and in which myinvention is clearlypointed out.

Figure 1 of the drawings is a front elevation of a lathe illustratingmyinvention. Fig. 2 is a central, vertical, and longitudinal sectionthrough the head-stock and the parts of the bed in proximity thereto.Fig. 3 is a vertical transverse section on line 1 1 on Fig. 2, lookingtoward the left of said figure. Fig. 4 is a similar section on line 2 2on Fig. 2, looking in the same direction. Fig. 5 is a transverse sectionthrough the bed on line 3 3 on Fig. 1 and showing the turret ortoolcarrying ring and the head-stock in elevation. Fig. 6 is atransverse section on line 4. 4 on Fig. l and showing the turret ortool-carrying ring in elevation. Fig. 7 is a sectional elevation of thecentral portion of the machine, the cutting-plane being on line 5 5 onFig. 5. Fig. 8 is an elevation of a portion of the bed, the rack, andthe gears for feeding the tool-carrier and its carriage toward and fromthe head-stock. Fig. 9 is a central, vertical, and longitudinal sectionof a portion of the bed and of the turret or tool-carrying ring and itscarriage. Fig. 10 is apartial horizontal and longitudinal section of thebed and shows in plan the mechanism for revolving the tool-carrier andlocking the same. Fig.

11 is an elevation of a short section of the hand-operated shipper-barfor operating the friction-clutch. Fig. 12 is an elevation of a portionof the shaft that carries the rest-bars for regulating the lengths offeed of the turret-carriage and the ratchet mechanism for intermittentlyrotating the same. Fig. 13 is a partial transverse section on line 6 6on Fig. 9. Fig. 14 is a partial section on line 7 7 on Fig. 13 and Fig.15 is a sectional plan of the radius-arms, worm, and pinion of thecarriage-feeding mechanism.

In the drawings, A is the bed of the machine, provided with the ways A Aand supported at one end by the pier-like tool-closet B and at its otherend by the leg B, the foot of which sets in the oil-receiving pan O,supported at one end by the closet B and at its other end by the leg O, asshown in Fig. 1.

The bed A has secured thereon at one end the head-stock D, which hasmounted in suitable bearings therein the hollow spindle E, upon which ismounted so as to be freely revoluble thereon the cone-pulley F and thespur gear-wheel F, said gear F having formed thereon the annular rib Fwhich fits Within the larger end of the cone-pulley F and is held inposition on said spindle by the collar G and the sleeve or hub G, bothfirmly secured to and revoluble with said spindle, and the latter hasfitted thereon, so as to revolve therewith and be movable endwisethereof, the friction-wheel H. The friction-wheel H has formed upon itsperiphery two frustoconical surfaces meeting each other at an angle inthe centerofsaid periphery, as shown, and said wheel also has formed inone side thereof, near its periphery, an annular groove, in which isfitted and held in place by the ring a the L-shaped ring I) in such amanner that it may revolve in unison with the gear F whether the wheel Hrevolves at the same or a different speed or is in a state of rest.

The ring a has formed thereon a series of alternate projections c andrecesses c to form one-half of a clutch, as shown in Fig. 3, which whendesired engages with a similar clutchring (1, firmly secured to theinnerface of the web of the gear-wheel F, as shown in Fig. 2.

The friction-wheel H has formed upon its side opposite the ring a a setof clutch-teeth e, which engage when desired with similar clutch-teeth eon the ring 6 secured to the inner web-plate F of the cone-pulley F, asshown in Fig. 2.

A ring f is fitted within the cone-pullev F, so as to revolve therewithand be freely movable in the direction of the length of said pul- ICOley to a limited distance, which is determined by the stop-pins f, theinner periphery of said ring being provided with a beveled surface tofit one of the frusto-conical surfaces of the wheel H and with theannular shoulder f which engages a similar shoulder on the wheel H, saidring being normally pressed toward the right of Fig. 2 by the springs gg, interposed between it and the web-plateF said web having formedtherein recesses g g to receive one end of each of said springs, asshown. A similar ring h is fitted within the annular rib F of the gearF, so as to revolve therewith and be freely movable therein in thedirection of the length of the spindle E, said movement being limited inboth directions by the stop-pin h, and the inner periphery of said ringbeing beveled to fit one of the frusto-conical surfaces of the wheel Hand also provided with the annular shoulder 7L2, against which the sideof the wheel H abuts when moved into contact therewith, said ring itbeing normally pressed toward the wheel H by the springs 72,3 7L3, setin recesses in the web of the gear-wheel F, as shown in Fig. 2.

I is a shipper-ring fitted to and movable around and lengthwise of thecollar G and having formed in its periphery the annular groove 4; toreceive the blocks t z, mounted on studs set in the ends of the forkedarm of the shipper-leverJ, as shown in Figs. 2 and 4.

The shipper-ring I is connected to the L- shaped ring I) by a pluralityof studs y, so that a movement of said shipper-ring in either directionlengthwise of the spindle E will cause a corresponding movement of thefrietion-wheel H, causing it to engage with one or the other of therings for h and by the friction between their contiguous surfaces causethe spindle to revolve in unison with the cone-pulley F or thegear-wheel F, according as to whether the shipper-ring is moved towardthe left or right of Fig. 2. The first part of the movement of theshipper-ring I and the friction-wheel II in either direction will causefrictional contact between said wheel H and one of the ringsf h, and afurther movement of said parts in the same direction will cause anengagement of the toothed clutch on one side or the other of said wheel11, the ring f or it yielding to permit said further movement.

The shipper J has an arm j, the movable end of which is fitted to andacted upon by the cam-slot j", formed in the shipper-bar J, fitted toand movable endwise in a bearing in the head-stock D, as shown in Figs.1, 2, 5, and 11.

The cone-pulleyF has firmly secured upon its left-hand hub thespur-pinion K, which engages with the gear-wheel K, secured upon orformed in one piece with the sleeve K mounted upon the shaft L, saidsleeve having formed upon or secured to its opposite end the pinion Kwhich engages with the gear F, all as shown in Figs. 2, 3, and 4E.

The shaft L is mounted in bearings in the head-stock D and has securedto its righthand or inner end the frusto-conical collar or hub k, thepurpose of which will be hereinafter described.

The bed A is composed of the sides A A having the ways A formed upontheir upper edges, the central longitudinal bar A and a plurality ofcross-ties A, in addition to the two end ties A and A, as shown in Figs.2, 9, and 10.

M is a carriage fitted to and movable endwise of the ways A, a portionof which surrounds the bed in the form of a ring or hoop M, whichencircles said bed and has fitted thereon, so as to be revoluble aboutsaid bed, the annular tool or work carrier N, having a polygonalperiphery, all as shown in Figs. 6, 7, and 9. The tool or work carrier Nhas secured thereto or formed therein the internal gear I and is securedin place upon the ring M of the carriage by the annular follower M asshown in Fig. 9. The carrier N has a portion of its length at the endopposite the follower M made circular and is provided at said end withthe annular lip Z, which incloses the flange of the ring R and hasformed in its inner surface the annular groove 1 and said carrier alsohas formed in said end a series of cylindrical recesses m, correspondingin number to the number of flat surfaces upon the periphery of saidcarrier, each of said recesses having secured therein a hardened-steelbushing m, having a conical bore or cavity, with which thefrusto-conical end of the locking-bolt m fitted to and movable endwisein a bushed bearing in the boss M on the upper side of the carriage M,engages, as shown in Fig. 9. The bolt m has a slot out transverselythrough it and has formed in its inner end a cylindrical recess toreceive the coiled spring at, which tends to hold said bolt normally inengagement with the bushing an, as shown in Fig. 9.

N is a gear-wheel mounted 011 the stud at, set in the carriage M, theteeth of which eugage with the teeth of the internal gearland also withthe teeth of the pinion N mounted upon the shaft 0, so as to berevoluble therewith and movable endwise thereof, as shown in Fig. 9 andin dotted lines in Fig. 6.

The shaft Q is mounted in hearings in the end of the bed and one of itscross-ties, so as to be movable endwise therein to a limited extent andrevoluble about its axis, and has secured to its left-hand end thecoupling-hub O, which fits into and is firmly seen red to the frictionalsleeve 0 the bore of which is made partly cylindrical and partly frusto-conical to fit the frusto-conical hub or collar 7.:, secured onthe inner end of the shaft L, as shown in Fig. 10.

By the side of the shaft 0 and parallel with it is mounted in bearingsin the same cross connections of the bed, so as to be similarly movableendwise therein, the screw-shaft 0 provided on its outer end with thehand-wheel O, by which it may be revolved, said shafts IIO 0 and 0 beingconnected together by the tieblock 0 through which both shafts pass, butare prevented. from moving endwise therein by the collars o 0 and 0 0,as shown in Fig. 10.

P is a block fitted to and movable freely endwise on the shaft 0 andhaving a threaded bearing on the screw-shaft O and P is a hook-like pawlpivoted to the upper side of said block by the stud 0 and provided atits movable end with the upwardly-projecting wedge-shaped lug o and nearthe middle of its length with upwardly-projecting arm 0, said pawl beingnormally pressed into contact with the stop-pin 0 by the spring 0, asshown in Figs. 9 and 10.

P is a lever mounted on the fulcrum-pin 10, set in the carriage M, andengaging at its upper end the slot in the locking-bolt m and having itslower arm so arranged as to be engaged by the lug 0 when the carriage ismoved toward the right of Figs. 1, 7, 9, and.

10, and thus retract the locking-bolt m against the tension of thespring a.

The shaft 0 has fitted thereon between its right-hand bearing and thecollar 0 a coiled spring p, which serves to press the shafts O and 0toward the left of Fig. 10 when the downwardly-projecting portion M ofthe carriage is moved away from contact with said block P, and thusrelease the contact of the conical surfaces of the hub and the sleeve 0The carriage is held down upon the ways A and prevented from beinglifted by means of the plates or a, secured to the under side of theupper plate of the carriage at its front and rear edges and projectingunder the outwardly-projecting portions of the ways, as shown in Figs.5, 6, and 7.

The front edge of the upper plate or the main body of the carriage hasfirmly bolted thereto and pendent therefrom the outwardly-curved apronQ, to the inner side of which are bolted the pendent stands or hangersR, R, R q, and q and the inwardly-projecting bracket R as shown in Figs.5 and 7. The plate Q also has formed thereon the outwardly-projectinghub Q,in which and the hanger q the shaft S has its bearings, said shafthaving firmly secured thereon the spur gear-wheel S, the pinion S andthe hand-wheel S as shown in Fig. 5. The pinion S engages with andimparts motion to the gear-wheel S, which in turn engages with the teethof the rack T, firmly secured to the front side of the bed, as shown inFigs. 5, 6, 7, and 8. The shaft S has also mounted loosely thereon oneend of each of two radius-arms S and S which extend horizontally towardthe headstock and are connected together at their movable ends and havemounted in suitable bearings therein a short shaft S upon which aremounted the Worm-wheel S and the pinion S the teeth of said pinionengaging with and imparting motion to the gear-wheel S,

and said worm-wheel S being rotated by the worm S mounted upon a shafthaving bearings in the hangers R and R and having se- T and T and havingfirmly secured thereto near its left-hand end the ratchet-wheel r, andalso has loosely mounted thereon the twoarmed lever 4', having pivotedto one end thereof the pawl r to engage said ratchet and to its otherend one end of the connectingrod W, the other end of which is connectedto the upper or movable end of the lever U, firmly secured to one end ofthe rocker-shaft U mounted in suitable bearings on the bed A and havingfirmly secured thereon the two levers U and U, the free ends of whichare connected together by the bar or rod U as shown in Figs. 3, 4, 6,and 10.

V is a lever pivoted to the follower-rin g M with its free end inposition to bear against the bar U and V V are a series of camplatescorresponding in number to the number of flat sides on the tool or workcarrier N, said cam-plates being secured to the end of said carrier nextto the head-stockone at each angle of said carrier-and so arrangedrelative to the lever V as to act thereon successively to vibrate saidlever, and thus move the bar U and the levers U, U and U about the axisof the rocker-shaft U and through the rod r and lever 7" cause the pawlr to impart to the shaft U an intermittent movement about its axis.

The shaft U has firmly secured thereon one or morelongitudinally-grooved hubs or cylinders WV, in the grooves of which isadj ustably fitted a series of bars 8 3, corresponding in number to thenumber of flat sides on the tool-carrier, which bars may have smooth andstraight outer edges, or they may have formed in said outer edgesrectangular notches, as shown at the right hand end of Fig. 7. Therocker-shaft U the levers V, U, U and U and the pawl-carrying lever rare returned to their normal positions after the passage of a cam-plateV by the reaction of the spring V (see Figs. 3 and 4,) and the outwardmovement of the lever V is limited by the stop-pin s, the ratchet 1'being prevented from moving backward by the stop-pawl r The free ormovable ends of the levers or radius-armsj The spindle E carries at itsinner end a chuck E, which may be of any usual or wellknownconstruction, except that it must have a central opening through thesame corresponding to the bore of said spindle, and said spindle is alsoprovided near its out-er end with a plurality of radially-arranged set--screws 25 t to serve as a means of centering and guiding pipes or rodsinserted through and clamped by the clutch and upon which the toolscarried by the annular tool-carrier are to operate.

The shaft S has a spline-groove formed therein, which extends a greaterpart of the length of said shaft, by means of which and a suitable keythe pinion S is made to revolve therewith, while it is free to moveendwise thereon when the carriage M is moved in either direction alongthe ways A. The downwardly-projecting portion M of the car riage M isslotted to embrace the shaft 0, as shown in Fig. 6, and is also slottedtransversely of said shaft, so as to receive the pinion N between twoparts of said pendent lug and compel said pinion to move along saidshaft 0 with the carriage M. The carriage M has set therein just abovethe front guideway A and at right angles thereto the pushpin it, theinner end of which is normally in a plane just outside the arm 0 of thepawllever P, and its outer end projects into the annular groove Z in theinner surface of the annular ring Z of the tool or work carrier N, saidpush-pin 11. being surrounded by the coiled spring to, which tends toforce said pin outward, so that its outer end will project into thegroove Z and into the path of the inner ends of the series of pins 1;,set in the cylindrical portion of the tool-carrier, one just outside ofeach angle of the polygonal portion of said carrier in positionsparallel to the axis of rotation of said carrier, as shown in Figs. 6,13, and 14.

The tool-oarrier N may have secured thereon as many tool-holders andback-rests or worksupports as there are flat sides formed on itsperiphery, and said tool-holders may be of various forms.

I have illustrated one form of a box toolholder and back-rest combinedof novel construction, the same being shown secured to the annular toolor work carrier in Fig. 6 and drawn to an enlarged scale in Figs. 15,16,17, and 18, in which 1V is the base-plate, provided with holes to wto receive the bolts for securing it to the tool or work carrier andhaving formed in its upper side the grooves 10 and 10 in the former ofwhich is fitted so as to be adjustable therein the stand XV", in whichis mounted so as to be revoluble therein the shaft 10 having formed uponone end the slotted head V and having firmly secured upon its other endthe worm-wheel as shown in Figs. 16 and 17. The upper end of said standprojects outward over the worn1-wheel and is forked to form two bearingsfor the shaft of the worm V upon one end of which shaft is secured thecrank W, by which said worm may be revolved to move the worm-wheel andthe hub or head VV about its axis to adjust the angle of thecutting-tool X, adjustably secured in the slot of the head V by theset-screw 10 as shown. The stand 1V is firmly secured in the properadjusted position upon the baseplate 7' by means of the bolt n2 passingthrough the slot to in said stand and screwed into the base-plateW', asshown. The groove 10 is dovetailed and has fitted so as to be movableendwise therein the stand Y, having a central opening cut through it forthe passage of the pipe, rod, or other piece of work to be operatedupon,said stand being slotted vertically to receive the two levers Y and Ywhich together serve as a back-rest to support the work. The short armsof these back-rest levers are connected together by the spring as, andtheir longer arms may be adjusted toward and from each other by theset-screws as and :0 as shown in Figs. 15 and 16. The front end of thestand Y is made L-shaped, and the inner portion of its baseflange hasformed therein a series of rackteeth, with which a series of teeth .2,formed on a segment of the periphery of the head lV engage, so that whenthe head WV is turned to advance and lower or retract and raise thepoint of the tool X the stand Y and the back-rest Y Y will be movedtoward or from said tool simultaneously with said movements of thecutting-tool.

The operation of my invention is as follows: The work being passedthrough the hollow spindle E so as to project through the chuck E thedesired distance and adjusted to a central position therein by the chuckE and the set-screws it and the tool-carrier having securedon itsperipherythepropertool-holders fitted with suitable tools for the job inhand, the carriage is moved toward the right of Fig.1 to the properposition for beginning the work by turning the hand-wheel S theworm-wheel S being thrown out of engagement with the worm S by droppingthe movable ends of the radius-arms S and S upon the bracket R Thescrew-shaft O is then revolved by its hand-wheel O to bring the block Pand the pawllever P into the position relative to the lever P (shown inFig. 9,) thespring o yielding to allow the wedge-shaped lug o to passthe lower end of the lever P if said lever P happened to be at the rightof said lugbefore the screw 0 was operated to adjust said block P. Oneor more of the rest-bars s s, according as to whether there are one ormore operations to be performed upon the piece of work in the chuck, arethen adjusted longitudinally in their carrying hubs or cylinders to theproper positions, so that one end of each bar or a notch therein shallbe at a distance from the hook or shoulder 15 on the lifting-bar Vcorresponding to the length of cut to be made by the tool to becontrolled thereby. The worm-gear S is then raised into engagement withthe worm S by raising the radius-arms S S which may be done by liftingupon the handle 3 at the upper end of the lifting-bar V or upon the studs, set in the movable end of the radius arm S and projecting through aslot in the apron Q, (see Figs. 6 and 7,) when the hook or shoulder swill engage 'with the bar 8 which is in proper position and adjusted togage the first out, and thus maintain the engagement of the worm-wheel Sand the worm S until the cutis completed, the upper end of thelifting-bar V being normally pressed toward the bar 8 by the spring 5.(See Figs. 5 and 6.) The cuttingtools and back-rests being properlyadjusted for the diiferent cuts of the several operations and theseveral parts of the friction-clutch mechanism being in the positionsshown in Fig. 2 and power being applied to the conepulley F, the handshipper-bar J is pushed inward or drawn outward, according as a fast orslow rotation of the work is required, the effect of which is to causean engagement of one of the frusto-conical surfaces of the wheel H witha ring f or 7b with suliicient friction to cause said wheel H and thespindle E to commence to revolve, the springs g or 71 yielding, so thatthe ring f or it may move lengthwise of the spindle after saidfrictional contact has taken place, so that the toothed clutch on oneside or the other of the wheel H may be made to engage, the tension ofthe springs g and 7L3 being so proportioned or adj usted as to permitsufficient slip of the frictional surfaces to insure such engagement ofthe toothed clutch if the two parts happened to be in positions relativeto each other unfavorable to direct engagement without a partialrotation of one of the parts relative to the other. The work is thusrevolved in unison with the spindle E, and the shaft S is rotated at thedesired speed through the medium of the cone-pulleys D and T and asuitable belt connecting said pulleys, and the shaft L is also revolvedby the action of the pinion K upon the gear-wheel K through the pinion Sthe gear 8, the worm S, the worm-wheel S pinion S gear S, pinion S gear8*, and the rack T, causes the carriage and the tool-carrier to be movedtoward the head-stock D until the limit of the cut desired is reached,at which time the rear side of the shoulder s on the lifting-bar Vreaches the left-hand end of the rest-bars upon which it has beensupported, or the rear side of a notch in said bar, and is released fromsupport, and the movable ends of the radius-arms S S fall by the forceof gravity, thus disengaging the worm-wheel S from the worm S and thefeed of the carriage is arrested. The

operator then turns the hand-wheel S about its axis in the properdirection to move the carriage toward the right-hand end of the bed A,or away from the head-stock, until the lower end of the lever P comes incontact with the lug 0 of the pawl P, and said lever P is moved aboutits fulcrum-pin, so as to retract The rotation of the shaft S acting thelocking-boltm from engagement with the bushing h when the pendent lug Mof the the carriage M comes into contact with the end of the block P andmoves it and the shafts O and 0 toward the right against the tension ofthe spring 19 a sufficient distance to cause a frictional contactbetween the frusto-conical hub is and the sleeve 0 of adequate force tocause said shaft 0 to revolve and through the medium of the pinion N thegear-wheel N, and the internal gear Z cause the tool carrier to be movedabout its bearing on the carriage until one of the pins 12 comes intocontact with the outer end of the push pin it and moves it inward asufficient distance to move the pawl P around its pivot until the lug ois removed from the path of the lever P at which time the operatorreleases the pressure on the wheel S when the reaction of the spring awill throw the bolt in into engagement with the bushing mand lock thetool-carrier N against further revolution, when the f riction-surfacesof the hub 79 and sleeve 0 will slip to prevent breakage of the parts.During the partial rotation of the tool-carrier, as above described, oneof the cam-plates V strikes the leverV and moves it about its pivot,thereby moving the bar U and the levers U, U and U about the axis of therocker-shaft in the direction indicated by the arrow on Figs. 3, at, and6 and through the rod r and the lever q" causing the pawl r to move theshaft U aboutits axis an angular distance equal to the distance betweentwo of the bars .9 3, carried by said shaft, when the radius-arms S Sare raised by the operator to throw the wormwheel S into engagement withthe worm S and cause the shoulder s on the lifting-bar V to engage thebar 3 brought into position by the last partial rotation of the shaft U,when the carriage will again be fed forward toward the head-stock untilsaid lifting-rod is disengaged, as before, from its supportingbar 8.

In certain cases when it is necessary to turn long rods or pipes thatproject a considerable distance beyond the chuck toward the right Ireverse the operation of the machinethat is, I move the carriage by handto the left in close proximity to the chuck and do the turning orcutting of the work while the carriage is being fed automatically towardthe right, or away from the head-stock, the feeding of the carriagebeing arrested by the lifting-bar V dropping from the right-hand end ofthe bar 8 or a notch therein, the operating-tools being properlyconstructed and adjusted to the changed conditions.

The advantages of my invention are tha the tool-carrier may be increasedin size, and consequently in capacity for holding a larger number oftools, without occupying anymore space on the top of the lathe-bed orraising its uppermost side any higher. Only one toolholder is uppermostat the same time and that the one that is operating upon the work. The

tool-carrier is rotated automatically, and the limit of the out isautomatically determined in all cases, whether the cut is made byfeeding the carriage toward or from the chuck.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of theUnited States, is-

1. In a lathe, the combination of a work holding and rotating chuck, abed provided with suitable ways, a carriage supported by and movableendwise of said ways, and an annular tool-carrier surrounding said bedand supported by said carriage and having provision for securing thecutting-tool holders to it.

2. The combination, in a lathe, of a bed having suitable ways, a workholding and rotating chuck carried by said bed, a carriage mounted uponand movable along said ways and provided with a ring-like portionextending around said bed, and an annular carrier fitted to saidring-like portion of said carriage and surrounding said bed, mechanismfor antomatically moving said carrier about said bed and carriage, andmeans having provision for locking said carrier after each intermittentpartial rotation.

3. The combination,in a lathe, of a bed having suitable ways, a workholding and rotat ing chuck supported by said bed, a carriage mountedupon and movable endwise of said Ways, a tool-carrier mounted on saidcarriage and revoluble thereon, a toothed rack secured in a fixedposition on said bed, a worm carried by said carriage, a worm-wheel anda train of gears interposed between said rack and worm, said worm-Wheeland certain of the gears being carried by pivoted radius-arms, arevolving shaft driven or operated from any suitable source of power,suitable gears for imparting motion from said shaft to the worm, anintermittently-revolving shaft, a ratchetand pawl mechanism connectedwith said shaft, a series of cams on the tool-carrier for operating saidratchet-and-pawl mechanism, a series of rest-bars arranged around,carried by, and adjustable lengthwise of said shaft and a lifting-barfor raising said worm-wheel into contact with the worm and constructedand arranged to maintain such contact by engagement with one of saidrest-bars,whereby the length of feed of the carriage and toolearrier isdetermined by the distance from said lifting-bar at the start to the endof said bar or a notch therein where said lifting-bar is disengaged.

4. The combination, in a lathe, of a bed having suitable Ways, a Workholding and rotating chuck, a carriage mounted upon and movable endwiseof said ways and surrounding said bed, an annular tool-carrier mountedupon said carriage and surrounding it and said bed and having apolygonal outer periphery fitted to receive a tool-holder on each of thefiat sides of the polygon, a bolt for looking said carrier, a series ofsockets in said carrier to receive said bolt, a constantly-revolvingshaft operated from any suitable source of power, a second shaft, afriction-clutch mechanism interposed between said shafts and adapted toconnect them and cause said second shaft to revolve, a pinion on saidsecon d shaft revoluble therewith and freely movable endwise thereof, aninternal gear mounted on said carrier and adapted to be revolved aboutits axis by the revolution of said pinion, a lug pendent from the upperportion of the carriage and slotted to embrace or straddle said shaftand pinion and adapted to engage and move the pawl-carrying block, anadjustable block, a pawl pivoted to said block and provided with anupwardly-projecting wed ge-shaped lug, a two-armed lever pivoted to thecarriage and engaging the locking-bolt by one of its ends and having itsopposite end in position to engage said wedge-shaped lug, means havingprovision for adjusting the pawl carrying block on its shaft and meanshaving provision for holding said block in position on its shaft withoutinterfering with the rotation of said shaft, and a spring constructedand arranged to permit a slight endwise movement of said pinion carryingshaft.

5. The combination, in a lathe, of the bed A, provided with ways A A,awork holding and rotating chuck, the carriage M, the carrier N, aconstantly-revolving shaft operated from any suitable source of powerand provided with the friction-clutch hub 70, the shaft 0, provided witha longitudinal spline-groove and the female coupling-sleeve 0 the pinionN the spur-gear N, the internal gear Z, mounted on the carrier, theblockP, movable endwise on the shaft 0, the pawl P, provided with thewedge-shaped lug o and the arm 0, the spring 0, the screw-shaft O fittedto a threaded hole in the block P, the tie-block 0, connecting saidshafts, as set forth, the spring 9, the lever P the locking-bolt m thespring at, a series of bushings on, set in the carrier, the push-pin a,mounted in the carriage, as set forth, the spring 16, and the series ofpins r, set in the carrier and adapted to act upon said push-pin to moveit endwise to trip the pawl P from engagement with the lever P to allowthe locking-bolt to engage with said bushings.

6. In a lathe head-stock, the combination of a chuck-carrying spindle, acone-pulley mounted loosely thereon and carryingaspurgear, a gear-wheelalso mounted loosely on said spindle between two collars or sleevesfirmly secured to said spindle, suitable gears connecting the gear onthe cone with the gear on the spindle,afriction-Wheel mounted upon saidspindle, so as'to be revoluble therewith, and movable endwise thereofand having its outer periphery composed of two frusto-conical surfaces,two friction-rings fitted one within the cone-pulley and the otherwithin the rim of the gear loosely mounted on the spindle, said ringshaving their inner surfaces shaped to fit the frnsto-conical surfaces ofsaid friction-wheel and being connected to said cone and gear, so as tobe revoluble therewith and movable therein toward or from each other,springs for moving said rings toward each other, a toothed clutch oneach side of said friction-wheel, and a shipper mechanism constructedand arranged to move said friction-wheel lengthwise of said spindle ineither direction and cause it to first engage one of the friction-ringsand then one of the positive clutches.

7. In a lathe, the combination,with the bed and a carriage mounted onand movable endwise of said bed, of a tool-carrier mounted on saidcarriage and intermittently revoluble thereon, a constantly-revolvingfeed-shaft, a train of feed gearing constructed and arranged to bethrown into and out of connection with said feed-shaft, anintermittentlyrevoluble shaft, a series of rest-bars arranged around andparallel to said shaft and adjustable lengthwise thereof, and alifting-bar for raising the train of feedgearing and provided with ashoulder to engage said rest-bars, substantially as described.

8. The combination, in alathe, of a bed having suitable ways, a Workholding and rotating chuck supported above said bed, a carriage mountedupon and movable endwise of said ways, a tool-carrier mounted upon saidcarriage and revoluble thereon, a rest-bar supported by and adjustablelengthwise of said bed, a bar or lever mounted upon and movable withsaid carriage and constructed and arranged to bear upon said rest-bardurin g the movement ofsaid carriage and adapted to drop off the end ofsaid rest-bar or through a notch cut therein, and mechanism interposedbetween said bar or lever and said carriage whereby the movement of saidcarriage will be stopped by the disengagement of said bar or lever fromsaid rest-bar.

9. The combination, in a lathe, of a bed having suitable ways, a workholding and rotating chuck supported above said bed, a carriage mountedupon and movable endwise of said ways, a tool-carrier mounted upon saidcarriage and revoluble thereon, a series of rest-bars supported by andindependently adjustable endwise of said bed, mechanism for throwingeither of said rest-bars into position for action, a bar or levermounted upon and movable with said carriage and constructed and arrangedto engage with or bear upon the rest-bar in action during the movementof said carriage and adapted to drop off the end of said bar or througha notch cut therein, and mechanism interposed between said bar or leverand carriage whereby the movement of said carriage will be stopped bythe disengagement of said bar or lever from said restbar.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification, in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses, on this 13th day of January, A.D. 1892.

CHARLES G. RICHARDSON.

